Samkhya Thesis Project

Gameplay

Meditation Mechanics

Samkhya utilises meditation mechanics for level progression. The meditation mechanic has been carefully designed after thorough research.

Implementing scaffolding mechanics to suit the needs of professionals and beginners, and implementing 3 unique tracks based on the upcoming level unlocked by meditation.

To find out more, feel free to check out the game design blog — https://aviparmar.com/2025/09/06/samkhya-game-design/

Concept

What is Samkhya?

Sāṃkhya is an ancient indian school of philosophy. It stands at the fountainhead systematic Indian reflection, and has a ubiquitous influence in south asian cultural life.

Samkhya is a dualistic philosophy with two realities: 

Prakriti — The source of the material world. It is dynamic and active, and thought of to be nature  and matter.

Purusha — Pure Consciousness. It is the silent witness, unchanging and passive.

Narrative Design

Adapted on the story of Nachiketa and Yama, the story is of a young boy named Nachiketa.

He was the son of a sage. Once the sage was doing a ritual of giving away all o f his possessions. Nachiketa observed that his father was only giving away his old and useless cows.


Wanting his fathers act to be truly selfless, he asks his father “to whom will you give me?”, angered by his persistence, his father replies “To Yama (the god of death I give you”
Nachiketa takes his father’s words seriously, and travels to Yamas abode.

After three days of waiting, Yama is impressed with Nachiketa’s patience and faith, and offers him 3 boons.


For the first wish, Nachiketa asks that his father’s anger be calmed. For the
second wish, Nachiketa asks for knowledge of the sacred fire sacrifice.
For his third wish, Nachiketa asks Yama, “Does the soul exist after death?”.


Yama tested him, by offering him wealth, long life, pleasures and power
instead of the answer. Nachiketa refuses, saying all worldly things are
temporary.

Impressed, Yama reveals the truth: the self (soul) is eternal, beyond birth and death. It is unchanging, and identical with brahman (ultimate reality). Realising this frees one from the cycle of life and death.

Game Design

Level Design Framework

Taking inspiration from The First Tree, I made a simple framework for the mechanics of the levels of the game

Meditation Mechanics

Using the knowledge gained from the research done, I knew that the meditation mechanics had to have scaffolding mechanics, shouldn’t feel too forced, and has to be short and simple, to keep the user’s attention.

The meditation window would be prompted in the hub, when the user goes to the temple and sits under the tree.

The user would be given two options – meditate with scaffolding, or meditate for level progression.

Through the game, the user would have to meditate only 3 times to progress through the game. But if they wish, they can meditate more using the scaffolding

Overarching Design

The overarching design was going to be a hub and spoke design, with influence from Super Mario Odyssey.

I was quite heavily influenced by Super Mario’s hub being a ship who’s sails need to be built with each passing level.

Level 1 – Tamas

Tamas gives the feeling of inertia, darkness and Ignorance.

The following mechanics were implemented to reinforce that feeling:

  1. Player can only walk, no sprinting
  2. Mud slows the player down
  3. Heavy silences, unsettling sounds
  4. Player has to collect orbs – not too many, but not too little
  5. Player could have a sprint timer, like in breath of the wild
  6. Player would have to activate beacons – each beacon increases the player’s sprint ability

Level 2 – Rajas

The level design for Rajas was going to have to include fast movement, parkour elements a n d solid goals to reinforce the feeling of growth, energy and restlessness.


The following mechanics were implemented to reinforce that feeling:

  1. Arrangement based puzzles (creates frustration, and satisfaction on achieving a goal)
  2. Parkour based platforming
  3. Linear level design

Level 3 – Sattva

Sattva breaks the loop of the last two levels. Sattva is meant to be different, since it is the closest to moksha (liberation) player would have to walk in a loop following other NPCs.

The only way to stop the loop is for the player to step away from their computer. If the player steps away for about 7 seconds, the level changes to one that shows just their souls moving around in a loop, with the player in the centre.

To exit this level, the player would have to meditate, and after meditation, they would be transferred to the ship that takes them to Yama’s abode.

Level 4 – Primordial Matter

This is the conclusion of the game. Nachiketa mysteriously wakes up on Yama’s abode, his ship broken.

Upon meeting Yama, a dialogue scene is triggered where Yama tests the user after Nachiketa asks him “what happens to the soul after death?”.

If the user passes the test, the player is transported to a primordial material loop level.

Here, the user is an orb in a dark environment, representing a soul, searching for anything, any trace of anything.

Screenshot

In the distance is an abstract form, upon going near, they are given
a body, and shown a life. This represents the line from samkhya,
“The universe begins when primordial material comes into proximity
with nature”Here, the user is an orb in a dark environment, representing a soul, searching for anything, any trace of anything.

Blogs

Samkhya Pre-Production

The Planning Phase Research in Game Design Before starting the project, I thought it was important to understand what exactly was research in the field of game design.  I read a bit of “Game Design Research: An introduction to theory and practice”(Lankoski 2024) to guide me through this. Game Design Research is merely a by-product…

Samkhya Game Design

Having gathered all of the prior information, I wanted to design a game that fits into everything I’ve worked on. Taking inspiration from The First Tree, I made a simple outline for the mechanics of the levels of the game Overarching Design The overarching design was going to be a hub and spoke design, with…

Samkhya Production

The Planning Phase Tools used I have experience in multiple tools, so a lot of tools went into the production of this project, but for the purposes of this section I’ll be focusing on the tools I used the most often. Game engine Choice of engine dictates how the rest of the project goes. Although…

Screenshots

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